The Gospel According to St. Matthew

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- Kapitel 13 -

(Mark 4:1–9; Luke 8:4–8)

On that day Jesus went out of the house and sat beside the sea.

A very large crowd gathered around him, so he got into a boat and sat in it, while the whole crowd stood on the beach.

Then Jesus said many things to them in parables. He said, “Behold, a farmer went out to sow seed.

As he sowed, some seeds fell beside the road, and the birds came and devoured them.

Other seeds fell on rocky ground, where they did not have much soil. Immediately they sprang up, because the soil had no depth.

But when the sun had risen, they were scorched because they had no root, and they withered away.

Other seeds fell among the thorn plants. The thorn plants grew up and choked them.

Other seeds fell on good soil and produced grain, some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty.

He who has ears, let him listen.”

The Purpose of Jesus’ Parables

(Isaiah 6:1–13; Mark 4:10–12; Luke 8:9–10)

The disciples came and said to Jesus, “Why do you talk to the crowd in parables?”

Jesus answered and said to them, “You have been given the privilege of understanding mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it is not given.

Because whoever has, even more will be given. But whoever does not have, even what he has will be taken away from him.

This is why I talk to them in parables: Though they are seeing, they do not see; and though they are hearing, they do not hear, or understand.

To them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled, that which says, ’While hearing you will hear, but you will in no way understand; while seeing you will see, but you will in no way perceive.

For this people’s heart has become dull, and they are hard of hearing, and they have closed their eyes, so they should not see with their eyes, or hear with their ears, or understand with their hearts, so they would turn again, and I would heal them.’

But blessed are your eyes, for they see; and your ears, for they hear.

Truly I say to you that many prophets and righteous men desired to see the things that you see, and did not see them. They desired to hear the things that you hear, and did not hear them.

The Parable of the Sower Explained

(Mark 4:13–20; Luke 8:11–15)

Listen then to the parable of the farmer who sowed his seed.

When anyone hears the word of the kingdom but does not understand it, the evil one comes and snatches away what has been sown in his heart. This is the seed that was sown beside the road.

What was sown on rocky ground is the person who hears the word and immediately receives it with joy,

yet he has no root in himself and he endures for a while. When tribulation or persecution arises because of the word, he quickly falls away.

What was sown among the thorn plants, this is the person who hears the word, but the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and he becomes unfruitful.

What was sown on the good soil, this is the person who hears the word and understands it. He bears fruit and makes a crop, yielding one hundred times as much as was planted, some sixty, and some thirty times as much.”

The Parable of the Weeds

(Ezekiel 17:1–10)

Jesus presented another parable to them. He said, “The kingdom of heaven is like a man who sowed good seed in his field.

But while people slept, his enemy came and also sowed weeds among the wheat and then went away.

When the blades sprouted and then produced their crop, then the weeds appeared also.

The servants of the landowner came and said to him, ‘Sir, did you not sow good seed in your field? How does it now have weeds?’

He said to them, ‘An enemy has done this.’ The servants said to him, ‘So do you want us to go and pull them out?’

The landowner said, ’No. Because while you are pulling out the weeds, you might uproot the wheat with them.

Let both grow together until the harvest. At the time of the harvest I will say to the reapers, “First pull out the weeds and tie them in bundles to burn them, but gather the wheat into my barn.”’”

The Parable of the Mustard Seed

(Mark 4:30–34; Luke 13:18–19)

Then Jesus presented another parable to them. He said, “The kingdom of heaven is like a mustard seed which a man took and sowed in his field.

This seed is indeed the smallest of all other seeds. But when it has grown, it is greater than the garden plants. It becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and nest in its branches.”

The Parable of the Leaven

(Luke 13:20–21)

Jesus then told them another parable. “The kingdom of heaven is like yeast that a woman took and mixed with three measures of flour until all the dough had risen.”

I Will Open My Mouth in Parables

(Psalm 78:1–72)

All these things Jesus said to the crowds in parables; and he said nothing to them without a parable.

This was in order that what had been said through the prophet might come true, when he said, “I will open my mouth in parables. I will say things that were hidden from the foundation of the world.”

The Parable of the Weeds Explained

(Zephaniah 1:1–6)

Then Jesus left the crowds and went into the house. His disciples came to him and said, “Explain to us the parable of the weeds of the field.”

Jesus answered and said, “He who sows the good seed is the Son of Man.

The field is the world; and the good seed, these are the sons of the kingdom. The weeds are the sons of the evil one,

and the enemy who sowed them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the world, and the reapers are angels.

Therefore, as the weeds are gathered up and burned with fire, so will it be at the end of the world.

The Son of Man will send out his angels, and they will gather out of his kingdom all the things that cause sin, and those who commit iniquity.

They will throw them into the furnace of fire, where there will be weeping and grinding of teeth.

Then will the righteous people shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. He who has ears, let him listen.

The Parables of the Treasure and the Pearl

The kingdom of heaven is like a treasure hidden in a field. A man found it and hid it. In his joy he goes, sells everything he possesses, and buys that field.

Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a man who is a merchant looking for valuable pearls.

When he found one pearl of very great value, he went and sold everything that he possessed and bought it.

The Parable of the Net

Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a net that was cast into the sea, and that gathered creatures of every kind.

When it was filled, the fishermen drew it up on the beach. Then they sat down and gathered the good things into containers, but the worthless things they threw away.

It will be this way at the end of the world. The angels will come and separate the wicked from among the righteous.

They will throw them into the furnace of fire, where there will be weeping and grinding of teeth.

Have you understood all these things?” The disciples said to him, “Yes.”

Then Jesus said to them, “Therefore, every scribe who has become a disciple to the kingdom of heaven is like a man who is the owner of a house, who draws out old and new things from his treasure.”

The Rejection at Nazareth

(Mark 6:1–6; Luke 4:16–30)

Then it came about that when Jesus had finished these parables, he departed from that place.

Then Jesus entered his own region and taught the people in their synagogue. The result was that they were astonished and said, “Where does this man get his wisdom and these miracles from?

Is not this man the carpenter’s son? Is not his mother called Mary? Are not his brothers James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas?

Are not all his sisters with us? Where did he get all these things?”

They were offended by him. But Jesus said to them, “A prophet is not without honor except in his own country and in his own family.”

He did not do many miracles there because of their unbelief.

(Mark 4:1–9; Luke 8:4–8)

On that day Jesus went out of the house and sat by the seaside.

Great multitudes gathered to him, so that he entered into a boat and sat; and all the multitude stood on the beach.

He spoke to them many things in parables, saying, “Behold, a farmer went out to sow.

As he sowed, some seeds fell by the roadside, and the birds came and devoured them.

Others fell on rocky ground, where they didn’t have much soil, and immediately they sprang up, because they had no depth of earth.

When the sun had risen, they were scorched. Because they had no root, they withered away.

Others fell among thorns. The thorns grew up and choked them.

Others fell on good soil and yielded fruit: some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty.

He who has ears to hear, let him hear.”

The Purpose of Jesus’ Parables

(Isaiah 6:1–13; Mark 4:10–12; Luke 8:9–10)

The disciples came, and said to him, “Why do you speak to them in parables?”

He answered them, “To you it is given to know the mysteries of the Kingdom of Heaven, but it is not given to them.

For whoever has, to him will be given, and he will have abundance; but whoever doesn’t have, from him will be taken away even that which he has.

Therefore I speak to them in parables, because seeing they don’t see, and hearing, they don’t hear, neither do they understand.

In them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled, which says, ‘By hearing you will hear, and will in no way understand; Seeing you will see, and will in no way perceive;

for this people’s heart has grown callous, their ears are dull of hearing, and they have closed their eyes; or else perhaps they might perceive with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their heart, and would turn again, and I would heal them.’ (a)

“But blessed are your eyes, for they see; and your ears, for they hear.

For most certainly I tell you that many prophets and righteous men desired to see the things which you see, and didn’t see them; and to hear the things which you hear, and didn’t hear them.

The Parable of the Sower Explained

(Mark 4:13–20; Luke 8:11–15)

“Hear, then, the parable of the farmer.

When anyone hears the word of the Kingdom and doesn’t understand it, the evil one comes and snatches away that which has been sown in his heart. This is what was sown by the roadside.

What was sown on the rocky places, this is he who hears the word and immediately with joy receives it;

yet he has no root in himself, but endures for a while. When oppression or persecution arises because of the word, immediately he stumbles.

What was sown among the thorns, this is he who hears the word, but the cares of this age and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and he becomes unfruitful.

What was sown on the good ground, this is he who hears the word and understands it, who most certainly bears fruit and produces, some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty.”

The Parable of the Weeds

(Ezekiel 17:1–10)

He set another parable before them, saying, “The Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who sowed good seed in his field,

but while people slept, his enemy came and sowed darnel weeds (b) also among the wheat, and went away.

But when the blade sprang up and produced grain, then the darnel weeds appeared also.

The servants of the householder came and said to him, ‘Sir, didn’t you sow good seed in your field? Where did these darnel weeds come from?’

“He said to them, ‘An enemy has done this.’ “The servants asked him, ‘Do you want us to go and gather them up?’

“But he said, ‘No, lest perhaps while you gather up the darnel weeds, you root up the wheat with them.

Let both grow together until the harvest, and in the harvest time I will tell the reapers, “First, gather up the darnel weeds, and bind them in bundles to burn them; but gather the wheat into my barn.”’”

The Parable of the Mustard Seed

(Mark 4:30–34; Luke 13:18–19)

He set another parable before them, saying, “The Kingdom of Heaven is like a grain of mustard seed which a man took, and sowed in his field,

which indeed is smaller than all seeds. But when it is grown, it is greater than the herbs and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and lodge in its branches.”

The Parable of the Leaven

(Luke 13:20–21)

He spoke another parable to them. “The Kingdom of Heaven is like yeast which a woman took and hid in three measures (c) of meal, until it was all leavened.”

I Will Open My Mouth in Parables

(Psalm 78:1–72)

Jesus spoke all these things in parables to the multitudes; and without a parable, he didn’t speak to them,

that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophet, saying, “I will open my mouth in parables; I will utter things hidden from the foundation of the world.”(d)

The Parable of the Weeds Explained

(Zephaniah 1:1–6)

Then Jesus sent the multitudes away, and went into the house. His disciples came to him, saying, “Explain to us the parable of the darnel weeds of the field.”

He answered them, “He who sows the good seed is the Son of Man,

the field is the world, the good seeds are the children of the Kingdom, and the darnel weeds are the children of the evil one.

The enemy who sowed them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels.

As therefore the darnel weeds are gathered up and burned with fire; so will it be at the end of this age.

The Son of Man will send out his angels, and they will gather out of his Kingdom all things that cause stumbling and those who do iniquity,

and will cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the Kingdom of their Father. He who has ears to hear, let him hear.

The Parables of the Treasure and the Pearl

“Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like treasure hidden in the field, which a man found and hid. In his joy, he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.

“Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who is a merchant seeking fine pearls,

who having found one pearl of great price, he went and sold all that he had and bought it.

The Parable of the Net

“Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a dragnet that was cast into the sea and gathered some fish of every kind,

which, when it was filled, fishermen drew up on the beach. They sat down and gathered the good into containers, but the bad they threw away.

So it will be in the end of the world. (e) The angels will come and separate the wicked from among the righteous,

and will cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.”

Jesus said to them, “Have you understood all these things?” They answered him, “Yes, Lord.”

He said to them, “Therefore every scribe who has been made a disciple in the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who is a householder, who brings out of his treasure new and old things.”

The Rejection at Nazareth

(Mark 6:1–6; Luke 4:16–30)

When Jesus had finished these parables, he departed from there.

Coming into his own country, he taught them in their synagogue, so that they were astonished and said, “Where did this man get this wisdom and these mighty works?

Isn’t this the carpenter’s son? Isn’t his mother called Mary, and his brothers James, Joses, Simon, and Judas?(f)

Aren’t all of his sisters with us? Where then did this man get all of these things?”

They were offended by him. But Jesus said to them, “A prophet is not without honor, except in his own country and in his own house.”

He didn’t do many mighty works there because of their unbelief.

Fußnoten

(a)13:15 ℘ Isaiah 6:9-10

(b)13:25 darnel is a weed grass (probably bearded darnel or lolium temulentum) that looks very much like wheat until it is mature, when the difference becomes very apparent.

(d)13:35 ℘ Psalms 78:2

(e)13:49 or, end of the age.

(f)13:55 or, Judah